INCOTERMS
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INCOTERMS
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INCOTERMS
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INCOTERMS
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What are INCOTERMS?
Who decides what INCOTERMS mean?
When are INCOTERMS used?
How do INCOTERMS work?
  E Group F Group
C Group D Group
D - Group: Used where the seller can pay for most of the delivery charges to the destination country.

9. DAF. "Delivered At Frontier" means that the seller's obligations are fulfilled when the goods have arrived at the frontier but before the customs border of the country named in the sales contract. The term is primarily used when goods are carried by rail or truck. The seller bears the full cost and risk in delivering the goods up to this point, but the buyer must arrange and pay for the goods to clear customs.

10. DES "Delivered Ex-Ship" means the seller makes the goods available to the buyer on board the ship at the destination named in the sales contract. The seller bears the full cost and risk involved in bringing the goods there. The cost of unloading the goods and any customs duties must be paid by the buyer.

11. DEQ "Delivered Ex-Quay" means the seller has agreed to make the goods available to the buyer on the quay or the wharf at the destination named in the sales contract. The seller bears the full cost and risks in delivering the goods to that point including unloading. There are two variations of ex quay contracts: "ex quay duty paid" and "ex quay duty on buyer's account." In the first, the duty is paid by the seller. In the second, the duty also is paid by the seller, but the buyer must reimburse the seller.

12. DDU "Delivery Duty Unpaid"
Delivered duty paid or Under these terms, the seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when the goods have been available to the buyer uncleared for import at the point or place of the named destination. The seller bears all costs and risks involved in bringing the goods to the point or place of named destination. There is no obligation for import clearance.

13. DDP "Delivery/Duty Paid" represents the seller's maximum obligation. The term "DDP." is generally followed by words indicating the buyer's premises. It notes that the seller bears all risks and all costs until the goods are delivered. This term can be used irrespective of the mode of transport. If the parties wish to make clear that the seller is not responsible for certain costs, additional word should be added (for example, "delivered duty paid exclusive of VAT and/or taxes").

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